Publications

Clean Cities and Communities Overview

4/23/2026

Clean Cities and Communities is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) partnership that fosters collaboration and innovation to advance transportation energy choices nationwide. More than 75 DOE-designated Clean Cities and Communities coalitions work in urban, suburban, and rural areas to deliver objective technical expertise based on a unique understanding of local markets. As partners with DOE's Transportation Technologies Office, coalitions build bridges between national priorities and local needs to create transportation energy systems that are affordable, reliable, and secure.

Thermal Damage Potential of Electric Vehicles

4/1/2026

This report assesses the risk that electric vehicle (EV) battery fires pose regarding thermal damage to other vehicles involved in a crash and to compare EV and internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) fires.

Authors: Luketa, A.

Fuel Cell Electric Bus Status Report 2025

3/17/2026

This report highlights recent changes in the FCEB market, status updates for deployments, and a detailed performance evaluation of a large fleet of FCEBs operated by Foothill Transit in California during the period from June 2023 to December 2024.

Authors: Jeffers, M., He, Y., and Lammert, M.

Energy 101 Transportation

3/1/2026

The Energy 101: Transportation presentation, developed for the Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project (ETIPP), provides an overview of transportation. It covers fundamental concepts, technologies, considerations, case studies, and additional resources.

Fleet Hydrogen Basics

1/28/2026

Hydrogen is one transportation fuel option public and private heavy-duty vehicle fleets can consider. Heavy-duty hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles provide the performance benefits of electric drivetrains (e.g., high instantaneous torque for heavy loads and performance improvements at high altitudes and on steep grades) and can contribute to air quality improvements in high-traffic areas. For some regions and duty cycles, hydrogen could be a better ft for heavy-duty fleets than current battery-electric options because of the increased range and faster fueling times.

Authors: Beavis, D., Gonzales, J., Nevins, K.

Electric Vehicles and Charging Infrastructure Postcard

1/23/2026

Learn about the technology behind electric vehicles and their charging infrastructure, explore the benefits and considerations of using electricity to power vehicles, and access tools and datasets.

Planning the Grid for Electric Vehicle Growth

1/1/2026

Proactive, data-driven grid planning can better enable utilities to support electric vehicle charging, deliver cost savings and reliability for all customers, and accelerate the transition to clean mobility.

Authors: McKenzie, L. and Reolf, R.

Integrating Electric Vehicles on the Grid

1/1/2026

Utilities and system operators can implement strategies that use EVs as grid assets to benefit grid operations, lower costs, and support the integration of renewable energy.

Authors: McKenzie, L. and Reolf, R.

Utility Investments to Power Up EV Charging

1/1/2026

Implementing new electric vehicle (EV) charging stations involves significant "make-ready" expenses, which cover essential electrical upgrades like transformers, wiring, and panels. These costs are categorized based on whether they occur on the utility or customer side of the electric meter. To accelerate infrastructure growth, many state utility commissions allow utilities to cover these costs, which reduces the financial burden on private site hosts.

Authors: McKenzie, L. and Reolf, R.

Fleet Procurement Decision Flow Chart

11/1/2025

This document is a tool created by the Electrification Coalition to help organizations navigate the process of purchasing and financing electric vehicles (EVs) for their fleets. It provides a visual guide that leads fleet managers through various decisions, such as identifying available funding sources, choosing between leasing or purchasing, and utilizing federal or state incentives. Ultimately, the flowchart is designed to simplify complex procurement regulations and help users select the most cost-effective and efficient path toward transportation electrification.

Authors: Electrification Coalition

Quantitative Risk Assessment for Fuel Cell Electric Bus Hydrogen Storage and Refueling Facility

10/1/2025

The outcomes of this report may be useful for a variety of stakeholders working in the hydrogen, transportation, vehicle, and aviation sector, including those responsible for aspects like facility design, operations, and regulations. There is not a single value of risk that determines whether a hypothetical system is “safe” or not. The insights about risk mitigations may be leveraged, and the quantitative risk assessment approach can be applied to other case studies to understand risk priorities and contributions specific to different FCEB and hydrogen facility uses.

Authors: Louie, M., Miletic, M., and Ehrhart, B.

The Cost of Energizing Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck Charging Facilities in the United States

10/1/2025

California leads the United States both in terms of policies to promote adoption of zero emission medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) and in terms of high electricity rates. This creates a dilemma between electrification and affordability for the California Public Utility Commission as well as for investor-owned utilities. On the one hand, these utilities are obligated to support state-wide transportation decarbonization and electrification objectives, facilitate compliance with regulations like the Advanced Clean Trucks rule, and serve the business needs of MHDV charging service providers. On the other hand, they are instructed to be attentive to ratepayer impacts and are under pressure from consumer advocates to defer or even reject new distribution-grid-infrastructure expenditure for MHDV charging.

Authors: Xie, Y.

Electric Vehicle Adoption Leadership (EVAL) Program

10/1/2025

The Electric Vehicle Adoption Leadership (EVAL) Program was established the first national certification and education framework recognizing employers for workplace-charging leadership. EVAL helps organizations assess, improve, and promote clean-transportation practices through a structured, four-tier certification system.

Authors: Forth

Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging Response Characterization for Grid Integration

10/1/2025

This study examines 25 models of PEVs across 25 makes, spanning model years from 2013 to 2025, to characterize their responses to the basic controls used in vehicle-grid integration (VGI): stopping, starting, and modulating the charge rate. Each vehicle was tested in a controlled laboratory setting to evaluate its performance in response to varying the maximum allowable current via the SAE J1772 control pilot signal, as well as its response to wake-up commands outlined in SAE J1772. Results show measurable differences across vehicle makes in the accuracy, latency, and precision with which PEVs respond to changes in ampacity, as well as varying sleep and wake-up behavior.

Authors: Green, R. and Harper, J.

Hazard and Operability Analysis for Operating, Refueling, and Maintenance of Fuel Cell Electric Buses

9/1/2025

Since hydrogen vehicles can be implemented in heavy-duty transportation applications such as buses, it is important to understand safety hazards and risks of hydrogen fuel cell electric bus (FCEB) and refueling technology.

Authors: Louie, M., Miletic, M., and Ehrhart, B.