Recent State Updates

Listed below are new and recently updated state laws, incentives, and regulations related to alternative fuels and advanced vehicles.

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California

Government Fleet Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Grants – added 2/20/2024

The California Energy Commission (CEC) Clean Transportation Program provides grants to light-duty local government and tribal government fleets for the purchase, installation, and maintenance of Level 2 and direct current (DC) fast chargers. Applicants may receive up to $12,500 per Level 2 port and up to $100,000 per DC fast charging port. Eligible projects must install a minimum of 100 charging ports. Applicants must be in California and provide a cost share of at least 30%. For more information, see the CEC Charging Infrastructure for Government Fleets website.

(Reference Assembly Bill 126, 2023)

District of Columbia

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Sales Requirements and Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) Standards – updated 2/15/2024

The District of Columbia adopted the California motor vehicle emissions standards and compliance requirements specified in Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations. The Mayor:

  • May adopt, by rule, motor vehicle programs for emissions inspection, recall, and warranty requirements;
  • May work in cooperation, and enter into agreements with, other states to administer requirements of the program;
  • Must work in conjunction with other states to promote and facilitate the regional adoption of similar LEV programs; and
  • Must educate District residents on the requirements of any adopted LEV program.

In December 2023, the District of Columbia adopted the California vehicle emission standards and compliance requirements set forth in the California Air Resources Board Advanced Clean Cars II regulation. These new emissions standards and requirements will begin with model year 2027 and require that 100% of new passenger vehicles sold in the District of Columbia must be ZEVs by 2035.

(Reference District of Columbia Code 50-731 and District of Columbia Municipal Regulations District Department of the Environment, Chapter 9, Section 905-913)

Florida

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption – updated 1/6/2024

A driver may operate a qualified Inherently Low Emission Vehicle (ILEV) or hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) in an HOV lane at any time, regardless of the number of passengers, provided that the vehicle is certified and labeled in accordance with federal regulations. All eligible ILEVs and HEVs must comply with the minimum fuel economy standards set forth in Title 23 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, section 166(f)(3)(B). The vehicle must display a Florida Division of Motor Vehicles issued decal, which must be renewed annually. Special fees may apply. Vehicles with decals may also use any HOV lane designated as a HOV toll lane without paying the toll. An HEV is defined as a motor vehicle that draws propulsion energy from on-board sources of stored energy comprised of both an internal combustion engine using combustible fuel and a rechargeable energy storage system and meets or exceeds the qualifying California standards for a Low Emission Vehicle. Three-wheeled vehicles are considered ILEVs for the purposes of HOV lane exemption. For more information, see the Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles HOV Decal website.

(Reference Florida Statutes 316.0741)

Indiana

Electric Vehicle (EV) Registration Fee – updated 1/6/2024

EV owners are required to pay an additional registration fee of $221, and plug-in hybrid and hybrid electric vehicle owners are required to pay an additional registration fee of $74. EV fees will be updated annually based on the special fuel tax index factor. For more information, see the Indiana Bureau of Motor Vehicles Fee Chart

(Reference House Bill 1050, 2023 and Indiana Code 9-18.1-5-12, 6-6-1.6-2(b), and C 6-6-1.6-3)

Michigan

Public Utility Definition – added 1/5/2024

An entity that provides electric vehicle charging services is not defined as a public utility and is not subject to restrictions on the resale of electricity.

(Reference House Bill 4706, 2023)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Electricity Dealer License – added 1/5/2024

A person may not sell or dispense electricity as a vehicle fuel at a location other than a residence unless the person holds a valid license. Additional terms and conditions apply.

(Reference House Bill 4706, 2023)

Nebraska

Biodiesel Retailer Tax Credit – added 2/15/2024

Retail dealers that sell 100% biodiesel (B100) at a service station are eligible for a tax credit of $0.14 per gallon. B100 is defined as a pure biodiesel containing mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats that meets ASTM standard D6751. The tax credit is refundable. Additional requirements apply. For more information, see the Nebraska Department of Revenue Nebraska Biodiesel Tax Credit website.

(Reference Legislative Bill 727, 2023)

New Jersey

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Sales Requirements and Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) Standards – updated 12/21/2023

New Jersey has adopted the California motor vehicle emissions standards and compliance requirements specified in Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations. Manufacturers must meet the greenhouse gas emissions standard and the ZEV production and sales requirements. Under the state’s LEV program, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection allows manufacturers who sell or lease qualified LEVs to earn and bank vehicle equivalent credits. For more information, see the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection LEV Program website.

In November 2023, New Jersey adopted the California vehicle emissions standards and compliance requirements set forth in the California Air Resources Board Advanced Clean Cars II regulation. These new emissions standards and requirements will begin with model year 2027 and require that 100% of new passenger vehicles, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles sold in New Jersey must be ZEVs by 2035.

(Reference New Jersey Administrative Code 7:27-29.1 through 7:27-29A.7)

Rhode Island

Medium- and Heavy-Duty Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Requirement – added 2/21/2024

Rhode Island has adopted the California Advanced Clean Trucks requirements specified in Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations, requiring manufacturers to meet California’s ZEV production and sales requirements. Beginning with model year 2027, manufacturers will be required to sell zero-emission trucks as an increasing percentage of their annual sales for Class 2b through Class 8 vehicles in Rhode Island. ZEVs include all-electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. For more information, see the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management Advanced Clean Cars II and Advanced Clean Trucks website.

(Reference Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management Regulation Chapter 12-05-37)

Virginia

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Sales Requirement and Low-Emission Vehicle (LEV) Standards – updated 2/15/2024

The Virginia Air Pollution Control Board has adopted the California motor vehicle emissions and compliance requirements specified in Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations. Beginning January 1, 2024, these regulations apply to all passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles. Manufacturers must meet the greenhouse gas emissions standard and the ZEV production and sales requirements.

In January 2024, Virginia adopted the California vehicle emission standards and compliance requirements set forth in the California Air Resources Board Advanced Clean Cars II regulation. These new emissions standards and requirements will begin with model year 2027 and require that 100% of new passenger vehicles sold in Virginia must be ZEVs by 2035.

(Reference Virginia Code 10.1-1307.04)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Deployment Grants – added 2/15/2024

The Virginia Department of Energy offers grants of up to $400,000 to private businesses and public-private partnerships for the installation of EV charging stations in rural or underserved communities. For more information, including additional requirements, see the Virginia Department of Energy EV Charging Assistance Program website.